JavaFX - 动画
一般来说，为对象设置动画意味着通过快速显示来创建其运动的错觉。在 JavaFX 中，可以通过随时间改变节点的属性来对节点进行动画处理。JavaFX 提供了一个名为javafx.animation的包。该包包含用于对节点进行动画处理的类。动画是所有这些类的基类。
使用 JavaFX，您可以应用动画（过渡），例如淡入淡出过渡、填充过渡、旋转过渡、缩放过渡、描边过渡、平移过渡、路径过渡、顺序过渡、暂停过渡、并行过渡等。
所有这些转换都由包javafx.animation中的各个类表示。
要将特定动画应用于节点，您必须遵循以下步骤 -
使用相应的类创建一个 require 节点。
实例化要应用的相应过渡（动画）类
设置过渡的属性和
最后使用Animation类的play()方法播放过渡。
在本章中，我们将讨论基本转换的示例（旋转、缩放、平移）。
旋转过渡
以下是演示 JavaFX 中旋转转换的程序。将此代码保存在名为RotateTransitionExample.java的文件中。
import javafx.animation.RotateTransition;
import javafx.application.Application;
import static javafx.application.Application.launch;
import javafx.scene.Group;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
import javafx.scene.shape.Polygon;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
import javafx.util.Duration;
public class RotateTransitionExample extends Application {
@Override
public void start(Stage stage) {
//Creating a hexagon
Polygon hexagon = new Polygon();
//Adding coordinates to the hexagon
hexagon.getPoints().addAll(new Double[]{
200.0, 50.0,
400.0, 50.0,
450.0, 150.0,
400.0, 250.0,
200.0, 250.0,
150.0, 150.0,
});
//Setting the fill color for the hexagon
hexagon.setFill(Color.BLUE);
//Creating a rotate transition
RotateTransition rotateTransition = new RotateTransition();
//Setting the duration for the transition
rotateTransition.setDuration(Duration.millis(1000));
//Setting the node for the transition
rotateTransition.setNode(hexagon);
//Setting the angle of the rotation
rotateTransition.setByAngle(360);
//Setting the cycle count for the transition
rotateTransition.setCycleCount(50);
//Setting auto reverse value to false
rotateTransition.setAutoReverse(false);
//Playing the animation
rotateTransition.play();
//Creating a Group object
Group root = new Group(hexagon);
//Creating a scene object
Scene scene = new Scene(root, 600, 300);
//Setting title to the Stage
stage.setTitle("Rotate transition example ");
//Adding scene to the stage
stage.setScene(scene);
//Displaying the contents of the stage
stage.show();
}
public static void main(String args[]){
launch(args);
}
}
使用以下命令从命令提示符编译并执行保存的 java 文件。
javac RotateTransitionExample.java
java RotateTransitionExample
执行时，上述程序会生成一个 JavaFX 窗口，如下所示。
规模转变
以下是演示 JavaFX 中的尺度转换的程序。将此代码保存在名为ScaleTransitionExample.java的文件中。
import javafx.animation.ScaleTransition;
import javafx.application.Application;
import static javafx.application.Application.launch;
import javafx.scene.Group;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
import javafx.scene.shape.Circle;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
import javafx.util.Duration;
public class ScaleTransitionExample extends Application {
@Override
public void start(Stage stage) {
//Drawing a Circle
Circle circle = new Circle();
//Setting the position of the circle
circle.setCenterX(300.0f);
circle.setCenterY(135.0f);
//Setting the radius of the circle
circle.setRadius(50.0f);
//Setting the color of the circle
circle.setFill(Color.BROWN);
//Setting the stroke width of the circle
circle.setStrokeWidth(20);
//Creating scale Transition
ScaleTransition scaleTransition = new ScaleTransition();
//Setting the duration for the transition
scaleTransition.setDuration(Duration.millis(1000));
//Setting the node for the transition
scaleTransition.setNode(circle);
//Setting the dimensions for scaling
scaleTransition.setByY(1.5);
scaleTransition.setByX(1.5);
//Setting the cycle count for the translation
scaleTransition.setCycleCount(50);
//Setting auto reverse value to true
scaleTransition.setAutoReverse(false);
//Playing the animation
scaleTransition.play();
//Creating a Group object
Group root = new Group(circle);
//Creating a scene object
Scene scene = new Scene(root, 600, 300);
//Setting title to the Stage
stage.setTitle("Scale transition example");
//Adding scene to the stage
stage.setScene(scene);
//Displaying the contents of the stage
stage.show();
}
public static void main(String args[]){
launch(args);
}
}
使用以下命令从命令提示符编译并执行保存的 java 文件。
javac ScaleTransitionExample.java
java ScaleTransitionExample
执行时，上述程序会生成一个 JavaFX 窗口，如下所示。
翻译过渡
以下是演示 JavaFX 中的 Translate Transition 的程序。将此代码保存在名为TranslateTransitionExample.java的文件中。
import javafx.animation.TranslateTransition;
import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.scene.Group;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.paint.Color;
import javafx.scene.shape.Circle;
import javafx.stage.Stage;
import javafx.util.Duration;
public class TranslateTransitionExample extends Application {
@Override
public void start(Stage stage) {
//Drawing a Circle
Circle circle = new Circle();
//Setting the position of the circle
circle.setCenterX(150.0f);
circle.setCenterY(135.0f);
//Setting the radius of the circle
circle.setRadius(100.0f);
//Setting the color of the circle
circle.setFill(Color.BROWN);
//Setting the stroke width of the circle
circle.setStrokeWidth(20);
//Creating Translate Transition
TranslateTransition translateTransition = new TranslateTransition();
//Setting the duration of the transition
translateTransition.setDuration(Duration.millis(1000));
//Setting the node for the transition
translateTransition.setNode(circle);
//Setting the value of the transition along the x axis.
translateTransition.setByX(300);
//Setting the cycle count for the transition
translateTransition.setCycleCount(50);
//Setting auto reverse value to false
translateTransition.setAutoReverse(false);
//Playing the animation
translateTransition.play();
//Creating a Group object
Group root = new Group(circle);
//Creating a scene object
Scene scene = new Scene(root, 600, 300);
//Setting title to the Stage
stage.setTitle("Translate transition example");
//Adding scene to the stage
stage.setScene(scene);
//Displaying the contents of the stage
stage.show();
}
public static void main(String args[]){
launch(args);
}
}
使用以下命令从命令提示符编译并执行保存的 java 文件。
javac TranslateTransitionExample.java
java TranslateTransitionExample
执行时，上述程序会生成一个 JavaFX 窗口，如下所示。
除此之外，JavaFX 还提供了在节点上应用更多转换的类。以下是 JavaFX 支持的其他类型的转换。
影响节点属性的过渡：淡入淡出、填充、描边
涉及多个基本转换的转换顺序、并行、暂停
沿指定路径平移对象的过渡 路径过渡